Knowledge of the gas stove device is a guarantee of safety

Today, specialized stores offer a wide range of gas stoves of a new generation, which are similar to old models only in appearance, their device has not changed much, but the electronics are built in no more than an example. Every user should know the basic design features in order to use the stove with confidence.

All the nuances of the design, what is the difference between a burner and a burner - many housewives still do not know this, and representatives of the stronger sex rarely have a technical background. To fill in the gaps in your horizons, just read this article carefully.

Device and principle of operation

The design of any gas stove differs little from each other, with the exception of some individual additions:

1. Case - it is made of enameled steel, has a rather rigid structure.
2. The working surface is covered with heat-resistant enamel, in expensive models it is made of stainless steel. On top for protection of burners the lattice from cast iron or enameled steel is located.
3. Burners are made of various materials from aluminum to ceramics.
4. The oven is designed for heat treatment of products, has a separate thermostat, in combined models it can be electric.
5. Gas equipment with distribution piping and shut-off valves.
6. Automatic ignition.

In modern products, several separate systems are located:

1. The main one is gas, pipelines, rotary switches, burners, dividers and burners belong to it.
2. Management and control - processors, timer, gas control system sensors, thermocouples and thermometer.
3. Electric - electric ignition, grill (in combined devices), oven lighting.

Operating principle

The main work is based on natural gas combustion and food processing. The gas flow to the burner is controlled by switches on the control panel. Blue fuel, passing along the cylindrical part of the burner, mixes with air, forming a gas-air mixture.

This substance passes through perforations, which has a divider mounted on top of the burner cylinder, then exits and ignites. The heat of combustion is transferred to cookware installed on a special grill. The high-quality design of the system allows for complete combustion of gas - that's the whole principle of the stove.

Burners

Burners play the main role in the process of mixing gas with air and supplying it to the burner, the perforations have different diameters: the inner row, hidden from the eyes, is small, and the outer row located on the nozzle head is much larger. The latest similar devices have two or three rows (Three crowns) of perforations for quick heating. Each burner is located no closer than 230 mm from the adjacent device.

Oven

These devices are divided into two main types:

1. Two heating modes - the lower one is carried out by the main burner, the upper one is made using a grill.
2. Several modes plus convection - forced circulation of hot air.

In the second embodiment, additional heaters are used, located on the side and near the rear wall of the product.

Automatic ignition

Each modern gas stove has a device for setting fire to the air-gas mixture - mostly candles that create a spark are used. The principle of operation is quite simple:

1. On a positive charge, the capacitor charges.
2. With a negative value, it is discharged to the primary winding.

Each plate must have good grounding, sincebreakdown for the appearance of a spark occurs on the divider body. The design of the candles is no different, and their main purpose is to form a stable spark for igniting the gas. It is not worth changing the burner yourself: you can accidentally mix up the connection of the wires and instead of ignition, you get an explosion of the mixture with negative consequences.

The candles are connected in pairs, and their installation is carried out one at the end of each winding. A candle knocks out a spark, and current flows through the body of the working plate, but do not be afraid - getting hit is quite difficult, but all safety measures must be taken strictly. For a household gas stove, electric ignition is carried out automatically when the regulator is turned, no additional buttons need to be pressed. The downside of such a system is that if the power goes out, the ignition will not happen, so keep a box of matches in reserve.

Types of burners

There are not so many of them:

• kinetic;
• diffusion;
• combined type.

As we can see from the names, they are taken from the characteristics of the burning process. So, in the first version there is no preliminary mixing of the gas-air mixture, just a stream of gas enters the burner, where it is connected to the air and subsequent combustion.

In the second embodiment, the injector sucks in air with gas, a mixture is formed, and a spark is supplied. In gas stoves, the third option is used, with half of the air taken from the inside of the housing, and the second from the kitchen. And in the oven, the diffusion principle is used, since air is taken from a limited space inside the product. Therefore, the task of the wizard at the first installation is to properly configure the oven burner.

The requirements for all gas stoves and ovens are the same:

1. Ensure complete combustion of gas.
2. Sustainable burning in all modes of use.
3. Simple and reliable service.

The main parameters are just determined by the burners, because there is a mixture formation, and ignition is carried out when leaving the perforations of the divider. When cleaning, the hostess must ensure that all openings are clean and provide an unhindered exit of the gas-air mixture, then the flame will be stable and even.

Power

Among the main questions that users often ask is the following: what capacity should be on the gas stove in order to be able to cook food without restrictions. Today, manufacturers produce household stoves of different capacities, which directly depends on the installed heating elements. As standard, the burner power varies from 1 to 3 kW, for example, economy - 1.2x1.9 and large 3 kW, we get a total of 7.8 kW, but we must not forget about the oven, and this is another 2-2.5 kW.

During operation, cookers with reinforced hobs of the WOK type with two and three rows of flame showed excellent results: they quickly warm the dishes and reduce the cooking process of hot food, their power reaches 3.5 kW. Such devices are good for heating pre-cooked dishes if you need to quickly cook pasta for the whole family gathered after a hard day.

It is necessary to use such powerful burners carefully, because products during emergency cooking or heating can burn, everything is learned by trial and error. Experienced housewives set the maximum flame before boiling, and then transfer the burner to a small fire, this method is very good for stewing stews or sautéed vegetables, which require a long heat treatment over low heat.
The latest developments have allowed the installation of a new generation of burners, where at minimum mode the flame hides under the lid and heating occurs more evenly, because heat transfer occurs without any loss.

Thermostat in a gas stove

Such products are used everywhere when it is necessary to accurately measure the temperature in an isolated environment. They not only indicate the degree of heating, but are also the main part of the oven, because“By eye” the optimal temperature cannot be precisely determined. If the thermostat is broken, then it must be replaced on its own or call a specialist from the service center.

These products are divided into the following main types:

1. Mechanical type - used in budget models of various plates for measuring temperature. Structurally, they consist of a flask filled with liquid or gas, a capillary tube made of copper and a membrane.
2. Electromechanical thermostat - the design is identical, only a bimetallic plate is used, which closes or opens electrical contacts due to the difference in the heating of metals.
3. Electronic version sending all data to the display. It consists of a sensor with a complex filling inside, a system of wires connecting it to the microcircuit. The controller recognizes the data and performs the necessary actions.

In modern models of the middle and elite class, thermostats of the third type are used. This small device provides autonomous control of the process of baking or baking meat in the oven, and the user only sets the optimum temperature on the thermostat.

Possible problems

If the thermostat is out of order, then this is immediately evident by the following symptoms:

• frequent burning of products cooked in the oven, i.e., at high temperature, the device does not turn off the heating process;
• the products are overdried, which means that the temperature during cooking was below normal;
• the cooking process takes longer.

If any of the options arises, you need to check the thermostat and if it is broken, replace it.

findings

The gas stove has a simple design, but some of its systems are quite complex in appearance, and without practical skills it is better not to do repairs yourself, especially since it is forbidden according to the operating instructions. You can replace the handle of the rotary switch, adjust the mechanism of the hinged door, but then it’s better not to climb: it won’t kill, of course, but the consequences will be very dire.